Cuco2o4 Nanoneedle Arrays Growth on Carbon Cloth as a Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensor with Low Detection Limit Ketoprofen Recognition

Abstract

Ketoprofen, classified as a drug pollutant, can induce digestive and gastrointestinal issues, underscoring the significance of developing an efficient and sensitive sensor for its detection. In this paper, an electrochemical sensor for detecting ketoprofen was constructed by in-situ grown copper cobaltate (CuCo2O4) nanoneedle arrays on carbon cloth (CC) substrate. The resulting porous nanoneedle arrays not only expose numerous electrochemically active sites but also significantly enhance the electrochemical apparent active area and current transmission efficiency. By leveraging its electrochemical properties, the sensor achieves an impressive detection limit (3σ/Sd) for ketoprofen as low as 0.7 pM, with a linear range spanning from 2 pM~2 μM. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits remarkable reproducibility, anti-interference capabilities, and stability. Notably, when tested with simulated wastewater samples, the sensor demonstrates a recovery rate for ketoprofen ranging from 97.95% to 98.53%. These exceptional characteristics can be attributed to the direct growth of CuCo2O4 nanoneedle arrays on the CC substrate, which facilitates a robust electrical connection, provides abundant electrocatalytic active sites, and expands the apparent active area. Consequently, these improvements contribute to the efficient trace detection capabilities of the ketoprofen sensor.

Keywords: CuCo2O4；Nanoneedle arrays；Ketoprofen；Electrochemical sensor