Modelling Optimal Control of Bovine Tuberculosis Transmission Dynamics with Associated Costs Public Health Education Campaign, Treatment and Vaccination Cost Effective?

Abstract

Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) is a contagious and potentially life-threatening infectious disease of cattle caused by Mycobacterium bovis (M.bovis) which lives in various environment depending on the prevailing weather conditions (Temperature and humidity). Globally, the bTB is the one of the diseases with utmost public health which also places economic and financial burdens on the society. To curb the disease, a mathematical model for the spread of bTB among human and cattle populations including preventive measures was formulated. The model analysis focused on the existence of disease-free and endemic equilibria points and their stabilities. Moreover, using the optimal control theory, the study determined the best way of curbing the spread of bTB disease in the human and cattle populations using three interventions: public health education campaign, treatment and vaccination. Furthermore, the study performed numerical simulations whose results affirm the positive effects of a combination of control measures on the magnitude of infections among human and cattle population. The results from cost effectiveness analysis signify that the vaccine is the most effective or productive relative to the investment cost.

Note:
Funding Declaration: None.

Conflicts of Interest: None.

Keywords: bovine Tuberculosis(bTB), Optimal Control, Cost Effectiveness Analysis