Megalithic Structure from Burabay: Gold Mining and Cult Communities of the Late Bronze Age of Northern Kazakhstan

Abstract

The article presents the results of the research conducted at the megalithic monument located in the Burabay district of the Akmola region of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The monument received the name “Taskamal” (from the Kazakh language “Stone fortress”) from local residents and tourists due to its monumentality and characteristic masonry of granite blocks. The research focused on recording the architecture of the monument and understanding its cultural and chronological affiliation. The megalithic structure with a complex layout inscribed into the terrain. The study provides data on its key architectural elements - a long megalithic wall made of granite boulders, an embankment central platform, two ramps, an external platform, stone steles, relief images, mine workings and a workshop. Analogies of individual elements of the complex, the construction techniques and its archaeological features, including depiction of a laying bull, allow us to preliminary date the object to the 2nd millennium BC. We believe that the complex could be associated with the gold mining activities in Burabay during the Late Bronze Age and possibly was a place of worship for the miners.

Keywords: Late Bronze Age, Northern Kazakhstan, megalithic structure, ancient worship complex, gold mining, bull relief