header

Assessment of Bisphenols in Children's Toy and Baby Products In the Middle East

19 Pages Posted: 11 Mar 2024 Publication Status: Published

See all articles by Karell Martínez- Guijarro

Karell Martínez- Guijarro

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Bondi Gevao

Environment Protection Agency, EPA

Massimiliano Porcelli

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Saif Uddin

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Sultan M. Al-Salem

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Majed Bahloul

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Hameeda Taqi

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Mariam Hajeyah

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Divya Krishnan

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Smitha Rajagopalan

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Anwar Boota

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research

Abstract

A major concern from the scientific community has been raised since evidence of Bisphenol A (BP-A) can leach out from the products where they are incorporated as well as its endocrine disrupting effects observed in animals and humans. BP-A and several related chemicals such as Bisphenol AP( BP-AP), Bisphenol B (BP-B), Bisphenol S (BP-S), Bisphenol AF (BP-AF), Bisphenol (BP-P), Bisphenol Z (BP-Z) were analyzed in this study. BP-A and BP-S were the only bisphenol detected in the samples analyzed in this study. The median (range; mean) concentrations of found in this study was BP-A 321 ng/g (11-200932; 4893 ng/g). The analysis was carried out by sonicating 0.1 g of a cryomilled sample aliquot in methanol followed by UPLC-MS/MS determination. High concentrations of BP-A were found in several products labeled as BP-A free such as nursing bottles which are particularly problematic from the children's exposure point of view. This study presents the first reliable bisphenols in children’s toys and baby products commercialized in the Middle East. There is, however, a need to continue monitoring these compounds, especially in low-cost toys, and the so-called BP-A free products, which appear to have high levels of target contaminants and can pose an exposure risk for infants and children in the region.

Keywords: bisphenols, bisphenol A (BP-A), Bisphenol S (BP-S), children, toys

undefined

Suggested Citation

Martínez- Guijarro, Karell and Gevao, Bondi and Porcelli, Massimiliano and Uddin, Saif and Al-Salem, Sultan M. and Bahloul, Majed and Taqi, Hameeda and Hajeyah, Mariam and Krishnan, Divya and Rajagopalan, Smitha and Boota, Anwar, Assessment of Bisphenols in Children's Toy and Baby Products In the Middle East. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4745741 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4745741

Karell Martínez- Guijarro (Contact Author)

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Bondi Gevao

Environment Protection Agency, EPA ( email )

Massimiliano Porcelli

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Saif Uddin

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Sultan M. Al-Salem

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Majed Bahloul

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Hameeda Taqi

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Mariam Hajeyah

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Divya Krishnan

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Smitha Rajagopalan

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

Anwar Boota

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ( email )

Kuwait City
Kuwait

0 References

    0 Citations

      Do you have a job opening that you would like to promote on SSRN?

      Paper statistics

      Downloads
      32
      Abstract Views
      158
      PlumX Metrics