Understanding the Heterogeneity of Sectoral Land Use Eco-Efficiency in the United States

Abstract

This study investigates sectoral land use patterns and eco-efficiency across the United States, focusing on urban impervious surfaces. A comprehensive inventory covering 100 economic sub-sectors was established, and the sectoral land use eco-efficiency (SLUEE) identified heterogeneities in utilization patterns. The methodology combines Points of Interest (POIs), road network data, and geographic information processing. Findings reveal a heterogeneous landscape dominated by service sectors, with service-providing industries exhibiting higher eco-efficiency than goods-producing ones. Notably, sectors like Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services, and Administrative and Support Services dominate land use, reflecting the established service-oriented economy. Regional disparities in eco-efficiency are highlighted, with states like Washington D.C., New York, and California demonstrating more efficient practices. The study underscores the importance of tailored land planning policies to harmonize economic and environmental objectives and suggests a novel perspective for sustainable urban land planning.

Keywords: land use eco-efficiency, land use, land sustainability, spatial heterogeneity，economic development