Distributionally Robust Dispatch for Power System with Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage Considering Frequency Security

Abstract

In response to climate change and the need to decrease carbon emissions, the penetration of renewable energies into power grids is growing dramatically. However, the high intermittence and low inertia of renewable energy pose significant risks to frequency security. The advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage (AA-CAES) is a promising solution to enhancing grid frequency security due to its flexible and high inertia properties. Therefore, based on distributionally robust optimization, this paper proposes a dispatch strategy with the participation of AA-CAES to enhance frequency security. Firstly, a dispatch-friendly model of AA-CAES is proposed and can reflect the impacts of the part-load features on the dis-/charging efficiencies and capacities. Subsequently, a frequency response model with AA-CAES is presented to establish frequency security constraints, ensuring compliance with minimum inertia and maximum frequency deviation requirements. Furthermore, to cope with the randomness of renewable energy, this proposed model is formulated as a distributionally robust optimization problem with a "min-max-min" structure. In the day-ahead stage, the optimal on/off schedules for generators and AA-CAES can be determined according to the worst probability distribution in the second stage for providing sufficient grid inertia. In the intra-day stage, the generation and AA-CAES can be adjusted to minimize the frequency deviation. Finally, numerical studies are tested on the modified IEEE-39 bus system. The simulation results demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed strategy with AA-CAES in supporting grid frequency security.

Keywords: Advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage, stochastic wind power, frequency security constraints, distributionally robust optimization