Electrophoretic Deposition of Curcumin-Loaded Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticle-Chitosan Composite Coatings on Titanium for Treating Tumor-Induced Bone Defect

Abstract

Clinical treatment of osteosarcoma (OS) presents significant challenges in postoperative tumor recurrence and large segmental bone defects, often necessitating joint replacement or artificial bone implantation to repair failed or defective bone tissue. At the same time, fibroblastic encapsulation can impede direct contact between implants and bones, leading to implant failure. To tackle these issues, mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBN) were synthesized and then loaded with curcumin (CUR). Subsequently, chitosan (CTS) was chosen as the charger and coating matrix, and electrophoretic deposition (EPD) was utilized to fabricate a CTS-MBN-CUR composite coating on Ti implants aiming for OS-induced bone repair. MBN-CUR nanoparticles are encapsulated in CTS and uniformly distributed within the coating, achieving robust adhesion and long-term release of CUR. Concurrently, the developed CTS-MBN-CUR coating exhibits moderate hydrophilicity, and bioactivity. Moreover, three different types of cells, MC3T3-E1, L929, and MG63 cells, were individually cultured with the composite coating and subjected to comprehensive cellular studies. The coating presented favorable bioactivities, and osteogenic performance, and the ability to resist the activity of fibroblast and OS cells. These findings suggest that CTS-MBN-CUR holds promising potential for bone regeneration following OS resection surgery.

Keywords: Osteosarcoma, Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles, Curcumin, Electrophoretic deposition, Bone regeneration