Heat Dissipation Analysis and Multi-Objective Optimization of Microchannel Liquid Cooled Plate Lithium Battery Pack

Abstract

An efficient battery pack-level thermal management system was crucial to ensuring the safe driving of electric vehicles. To address the challenges posed by insufficient heat dissipation in traditional liquid-cooled plate (LCP) battery packs and the associated high system energy consumption. Firstly, the study compared the effects of extruded LCPs with three distinct channel structures on the heat dissipation and energy consumption of the battery pack. The results demonstrated that the extruded multi-channel LCP exhibits the highest heat dissipation efficiency. Subsequently, response surface experiments were conducted to analyze the width parameters of various flow channels in the LCP. Finally, the Design of Experiment (DOE) was employed to conduct optimal Latin hypercube sampling on the flow channel depth (H), mass flow (Q), and inlet and outlet diameter (d), combined with a genetic algorithm for multi-objective analysis. The Tmax of the battery module decreased by 6.84% from 40.94℃ to 38.14℃ and TSD (temperature mean square deviation) decreased by 62.13% from 1.69 to 0.64. Importantly, the battery thermal management model developed in the study successfully met heat dissipation requirements without significantly increasing pump energy consumption.

Keywords: lithium-ion battery, Response surface test, Liquid cooling plate, Maximum temper-ature, Multi-objective Optimization