Feasibility Study of Establishing a Sustainable Coastal Greenhouse

Abstract

Sustainable development has become more critical with increasing concerns about climate change. On the other hand, the increase in the human population requires the production of more agricultural products, which also increases the consumption of water and energy; since fossil fuels are the most important source of human energy, it intensifies the emission of greenhouse gases that play a crucial role in global warming and climate change. Climate change and significant population growth emphasize the significance of food security through innovative techniques, such as greenhouse cultivation. This, in turn, necessitates cost-effective energy supply strategies to maintain the appropriate greenhouse conditions. In this study, the feasibility of constructing a sustainable coastal greenhouse in the coastal lines of northern Iran has been carried out. For this purpose, a hybrid system, including PV, WT, Grid, DG, and Bat, has been modeled to supply greenhouse and desalination plant electrical demand. The results show that Anzali city is the best place to use the PV /DG/WT hybrid system with an NPC of $1.13m and a COE of 0.0924 $/kWh. This system reduces emissions of 262 tons of carbon dioxide per year. Also, Weather sensitivity analysis was performed in three ports of Anzali, Turkmen, and Noshahr. The Anzali city location is the most cost-effective place and has fewer carbon emissions than others. It indicates that a higher average rainfall does not necessarily mean a better location.

Keywords: Sustainable cities development, Hybrid system, Water desalination, Coastal greenhouse industries, Greenhouse Emission