Tuning the Textural Properties of Biomass-Derived Nano-Crystallized Bea for Acetyl Functionalization: Investigation on Thermal Treatment

Abstract

The synthesis of a highly active ZB catalyst for acetyl functionalization of anisole by utilizing the silica precursor obtained from RH is a promising approach for mitigation of agricultural waste. The influence of CT (300, 500, 700, and 900°C) and time period on the characteristics of RHA was investigated. The C5-2H obtained at a medium CT (500°C) has a high surface area compared to the C7-2H indicates that, merging of smaller crystallites of amorphous silica to form crystalline silica with larger crystallites by applying more thermal energy when CT ≥ 700°C. The PS-5 catalyst derived from C5-2H has high acidity, a high surface area (332 m2/g) and a smaller crystallite size (14.8 nm) compared to the PS-7 obtained from C7-2H, has a lower surface area (131.5 m2/g) with a larger crystallite size (25.6 nm). Solid-state NMR studies and NH3-TPD analysis confirms that PS-5 catalyst possessing higher acidity compare to PS and PS-7. The activity studies confirm that the PS-5 catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity (>98.0%) compared to PS (conventional) and PS-7 catalysts, making it a potential candidate for continuous production of aromatic ketones.

Keywords: Biomass, bio-silica, zeolites, acidity, acetalization, 4-methoxyacetophenone, continuous mode