Screening Process Information Matters More Than Clinical Information: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Information Sharing on Cancer Screening Decision

Abstract

Problem Definition: Policymakers frequently resort to information sharing to guide decision-making, particularly within healthcare service systems. In such settings, the sharing of the “right” information is crucial for effectively directing patient behavior. However, there is a lack of consensus in the literature regarding the most effective elements of information to be shared. This study investigates the specific types of information that should be disseminated to encourage cancer screening uptake.

Methodology/Results: By analyzing data from a randomized controlled trial focused on colorectal cancer screening, our findings reveal that sharing relevant information significantly improves participants’ intention to take up screening, independent of their initial level of knowledge before the intervention. Specifically, sharing information on the screening process improves the screening intention significantly, whereas the effect of sharing clinical information about cancer is insignificant. Furthermore, sharing information that is already familiar to participants proves to be just as effective as introducing new information in enhancing the screening intention. We also identify heterogeneous responses from different subpopulations to different types of information content.

Managerial Implications: Our research offers valuable insights for public health policymakers and health promoters. The conventional approach of pinpointing knowledge gaps via an initial survey might not be as critical, given our evidence suggests that the reinforcement of familiar information is similarly beneficial. In terms of designing information-sharing campaigns, it is advised to highlight information about the screening process. Furthermore, it is recommended for policymakers to tailor information content to accommodate the diverse reactions among subpopulations, thereby maximizing the effectiveness of these endeavors.

Keywords: Information Sharing, Cancer Screening Promotion, Randomized Controlled Trial, Personalized Preventive Care