Micro-Screw Extrusion 3d Printing of Multiscale Ternary Nanocomposite Absorbers with Superior Microwave Absorption

Abstract

Under the application background of structural-functional integration, seeking advanced microwave-absorbing resin-based composites has become a viable method to address the increasingly serious electromagnetic pollution in military and civilian fields. Incorporating nanofillers into binary immiscible polymer blends has garnered extensive attention due to their potential for superior performance. This research utilizes micro-screw extrusion 3D printing technology to develop a ternary nanocomposite filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), characterized by a multi-scale structure and excellent microwave absorption properties. Nylon 12 and polypropylene are used as matrix materials, and by adjusting the geometric structure and component ratios, efficient electromagnetic wave absorption is achieved. The results indicate that the selective distribution of MWCNTs in different phases significantly enhances the conductivity and dielectric properties of the composite. Moreover, the design of the screw extrusion system was optimized using finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods, revealing the rheological behavior of the molten resin. The screw extrusion process demonstrates unique advantages in mass production, multi-material compatibility, and online blending, thus showcasing the significant application potential of the prepared nanocomposite in areas such as electromagnetic wave stealth, electromagnetic shielding, and flexible sensing.

Keywords: melt extrusion, thermoplastic resin, electromagnetic structural-functional integration, wave absorption mechanism