Farmers’ Attitude Towards Green Ammonia Produced by Upcycling Waste Nitrogen: Empirical Evidence from an Iowa Study

Abstract

This study examines farmers' acceptance of green ammonia produced by upcycling waste nitrogen using renewable energy. A mail survey, targeting a random sample of crop growers in Iowa, USA, found moderately high acceptance: about 50.0% support green ammonia as a fertilizer and 32.2% support green ammonia as a fuel. Support for green hydrogen is only 17.2% (24.1% opposing), demonstrating a preference of 2nd-generation over 1st-generation technologies. Ordinal logistic regression reveals social and psychological factors affecting attitude, including gender, income, ideology, perceived benefit, ammonia usage, trust in science and technology, personal belief in reducing waste nitrogen, and social norms.

Keywords: Green ammonia, Acceptance, Survey, Waste nitrogen, Green hydrogen, Farmers' attitude