The Effects of Participation in Physical Activity and Exercise on Social and Adaptive Performance among Children with ADHD

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Despite the significance and crucial role that engaging in sports activities holds in shaping children's social behaviors, limited studies have explored the impact of sports participation on the adjustment and social performance of children diagnosed with ADHD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the effects of participation in physical activity and exercise on social and adaptive performance among children with ADHD.

Methods: The current study employed a descriptive-correlational method. A total of 147 children with ADHD (62 girls) between the ages of 7 and 12 were chosen as the study's statistical population using a convenience sampling method. Data was collected using standard questionnaires. T tests and structural equation modeling were used to analyze data. 

Results: Results reveled that physical activity significantly affected academic performance (T= 6.482), relationships with peers (T= 5.294), relationships with family (T= 4.628) and household tasks/self-care (T= 6.417). Results of model fit indicated that the research model has good fit. 

Conclusions: These findings hold practical implications for professionals and physical education teachers. Hence, it is recommended that practitioners and physical education teachers actively encourage children with ADHD to participate in physical activity and sports to enhance their social and adaptive performance.

Keywords: Exercise, sport, social, adaptive, ADHD