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Trends in the Global Burden of Parkinson's Disease 1990-2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
26 Pages Posted: 12 Sep 2024
More...Abstract
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) represents the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally. We present the disease burden of PD in 204 countries and regions during the past 31 years.
Methods: We employed data from the Global Burden of Disease, Injury, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of Parkinson's disease (PD), including its estimated annual percentage change. Joinpoint regression analysis was utilized to delineate trends in PD over 31 years. The age-period-cohort model was implemented to assess the relative risks associated with age, period, and cohort. Additionally, a local regression smoothing model was employed to depict the relationship between the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and the age-standardized rate (ASR). Decomposition analyses were utilized to explore the specific factors that contribute to changes in PD. Finally, frontier analyses were employed to describe trends and disparities in PD burden changes in specific countries or regions.
Results: The GBD 2021 estimated the global number of PD deaths in 2021 to be 388,194 (95%UI: 347,250 - 417,389), with prevalence cases of 11,767,272 (95% UI: 10,438,278 - 13,419,875) and incidence cases of 1,335,142 (95%UI: 1,196,373 - 1,485,217). DALYs cases were 7,471,821 (95% UI: 6,736,685 - 8,137,067), with the highest number of cases in East Asia and the highest age-standardized rate (ASR) in Western Europe. There was an overall increase in the global burden of PD from 1990 to 2021. Decomposition analysis revealed that population increase and aging were the most significant factors affecting DALYs. The study found that the burden of PD is more likely to be concentrated in regions with higher economies and better development and that many countries still have great potential for improvement.
Conclusion: PD contributes to significant economic losses as one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders. The overall global burden of PD has been escalating from 1990 to 2021, primarily driven by population growth and aging. This study emphasizes that the control of the PD burden remains a challenge and that public health investment in the prevention and treatment of PD should be augmented.
Funding: This work was supported by the City of Nanchong Strategic Cooperation with Local Universities Foundation of Technology (20SXQT0305), The Application and Basic Research Program of Sichuan Science and Technology Department (2022NSFSC0804), The Primary Health Development Research Center of Sichuan Province Program (SWFZ21-C-98), The Medical Research project of Sichuan Medical Association(S21061).
Declaration of Interest: All authors have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.
Keywords: Global Burden of Disease, Parkinson's disease，
Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation