Significantly Enhanced Dielectric Properties of Glass Fiber/Zro2/Ag/Pvdf Composites with Continuous Hierarchical Microstructure

Abstract

Polymer dielectrics utilized in electric vehicles, aerospace, and underground exploration require high dielectric constant and low loss. So far, substantial enhancements in the dielectric constant of polymer dielectrics are only achievable via incorporating nanofillers, albeit at the cost of increased dielectric loss. Herein, glass fiber/ZrO2/Ag/PVDF (GZAP) composites are fabricated via in-situ growing combined with the dipping method. This design aims to obtain polymer composites with high dielectric constant synchronously with low loss through the micro-capacitor effects and Maxwell-Wagner interface polarization caused by continuous hierarchical microstructure. Moreover, the hierarchical interface can significantly resist the transition of charge carriers and this design effectively avoids the agglomeration of Ag nanoparticles, leading to reduced dielectric loss. Consequently, a remarkable enhancement in the dielectric constant of GZAP (20.2) is observed, which is 128% higher than that of pure PVDF film (8.85). Meanwhile, GZAP composites exhibit a low loss of 0.0313. This work offers an effective way to remarkably enhance the dielectric constant of polymers without sacrifcing the low loss.

Keywords: Polymer dielectrics, Dielectric constant, Micro-capacitor effects, Maxwell-Wagner interface polarization