Chitosan-Metal-Organic Framework Mixed Matrix Membranes for Human Breath Analysis

Abstract

Non-invasive diabetes detection in its early stages has proven to be a significant challenge for researchers. A promising approach involves using a rapid and sensitive chemiresistive sensor to detect acetone levels in exhaled breath as an indicator of diabetes. In this study, we successfully developed a novel composite sensor composed of Chitosan, a linear polysaccharide integrated with a metal-organic framework (UiO-66-NH2 MOF) and the ionic liquid glycerol. This combination influences film-forming properties with MOFs' high surface area and selective adsorption capabilities. This sensor was designed to detect acetone, a potential biomarker for diabetes, via chemiresistive sensing. The sensor demonstrated a high response to acetone concentrations as low as 1 ppm, with a low operating temperature of 60 °C and a bias voltage of 4V. Notably, the sensor maintained excellent performance even under high humidity conditions, with good repeatability and long-term stability. Additionally, it exhibited fast response and recovery times of 23 ± 0.25 seconds and 18 ± 0.1 seconds, respectively. These characteristics indicate its suitability for biomedical and industrial applications. The flexibility and eco-friendly nature of the sensor further enhances its potential as a real-time breath analyzer for diabetes detection. These promising results highlight the sensor’s capability for clinical use.

Keywords: chitosan mixed matrix membrane, acetone gas sensor, Metal-organic framework, chemiresistive gas sensor, breath analyzer, UiO-66-NH2