Identities, Participation, and the Immigration Crisis in the City: A Comparative Analysis

Abstract

Can major cities accommodate the growing political polarization surrounding immigration? Attitudes of city residents toward immigrants varies widely, influenced by factors like urban diversity, labor market dynamics, and cultural identity. While some embrace immigrants as enriching urban life, others view them as threats to culture and economic stability. Using data from three original surveys from Berlin, Barcelona, and Paris (N=1500), we explore how engagement in urban politics shapes these attitudes, considering national and non-national identities. Results indicate a correlation between political engagement and positive attitudes towards immigrants but also reveal how it can reinforce existing identity-based biases, potentially polarizing urban politics. Our comparative analysis highlights city-specific variations, with Berlin showing favorable attitudes alongside stronger polarization than Paris and Barcelona. These differences possibly stem from urban conditions, such as diversity, capital city status, and pro-immigrant policies. The findings emphasize the role of cities in addressing immigration challenges and fostering a-national affiliations.

Keywords: Polarization, Political Participation, Immigrants, European Cities, National Identity, immigration Policies