The Future of Smart Textiles: Combining Wearable Technology With 4D Printing

Abstract

The cutting-edge development of 3D printing, known as 4D printing, allows printed things to adapt over time to changes in their shape, characteristics, or usefulness in reaction to outside stimuli. This overview examines the fundamentals, materials, uses, difficulties, and potential future developments of 4D printing. With the introduction of time as a fourth dimension, 4D printing a development of 3D printing technology—allows printed materials to adapt their form or function to external stimuli. The fundamentals of 4D printing are examined in this review article along with its materials, processes, uses, and potential future developments. It includes a number of case studies to demonstrate the possibilities of 4D-printed structures and emphasizes the noteworthy developments in the field.

Keywords: 4D Printing, 3D Printing, Materials, Stimuli-responsive, Future Developments