Automated System for Dfma-Oriented Design Optimization in Cross-Laminated Timber Buildings

Abstract

Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) is a green structural system that enables timber for use in multi-story buildings. Prefabricators commonly apply Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DfMA) principles to ensure its economic viability. However, the lack of a clear design approach, differences in technology use, and software among supply chain participants often make it difficult to integrate production details into early design, leading to material and process waste. To fill this gap, this research introduces an automated design optimization system, integrating DfMA principles into CLT buildings' design. The system comprises 1) a design optimization platform equipped with a novel hybrid Greedy-Genetic Algorithm (G-GA), 2) a simplified, software-independent data exchange format to enable industry applicability, and 3) a stepwise process for integrating the system with BIM software as an application case using the data format. The effectiveness of the system was validated by its application on an eight-story CLT building, showing tangible improvements.

Keywords: Design optimization, Design for manufacture and assembly, Cross Laminated-Timber, Genetic Algorithms, Data transfer, BIM