What are the Geopolitical and Economic Implications of Space Based Solar Power?

Abstract

Space-based solar power (SBSP) represents a transformative frontier in renewable energy, intersecting the domains of geopolitics and space exploration. With technology now economically viable, 2025 marks a pivotal year for SBSP as technological advancements mean it is now a feasible energy source with private investments encouraged amid an international shift to renewable energy. This paper examines how terrestrial geopolitical issues extend into space and how SBSP could reshape global power dynamics. Drawing on research conducted in collaboration with the European Space Agency's Solaris Initiative, the analysis argues that SBSP has the potential to redefine the role of geography in energy distribution, enabling wealthier nations to transcend territorial limitations. However, this shift risks creating dependency relationships with less developed nations, necessitating equitable frameworks for commercialisation and regulation. The paper underscores the urgency of shaping SBSP's trajectory to ensure it contributes to global energy security, geopolitical balance and ultimately the good of all humanity.

Keywords: space based solar power, renewable energy, energy security, commercialisation, European Space Agency, energy policy, regulatory framework, Outer Space regulation, international cooperation, dependency relationships