High-Performance Hmx/Tatb Composite Microspheres: Design and Preparation Based on Micro-Nanostructures

Abstract

The design of micro-nanostructures has demonstrated significant potential in advancing the development of energetic materials. This approach not only enhances energy release efficiency but also improves safety performance. Here, the micro-nanostructured HMX/TATB composite microspheres were successfully prepared via the oil-in-oil emulsion method. The emulsion system facilitated the formation of isolated microenvironments within oil droplets, enabling the controlled design of micro-nanostructures. Analysis revealed that recrystallized TATB and HMX were interconnected, forming micro-nanostructured microspheres. The enhanced interfacial contact and reaction area resulted in a significant increase in the composite’s apparent activation energy (Ea) from 446.83 kJ·mol⁻¹ (pure HMX) to 599.79 kJ·mol⁻¹ (HMX/TATB composite).  Concurrently, the safety performance improved substantially, with the characteristic drop height (H₅₀) increasing from 25 cm (HMX) and 32.8 cm (the mixture) to 57.1 cm (HMX/TATB composite). Compared to the mixture, the HMX/TATB composite microspheres exhibited significant improvements in both combustion performance and flowability. This study demonstrates the enhancing effect of micro-nanostructures on energetic materials performance and provides a reference for the design and preparation of micro-nanostructured composites.

Keywords: HMX, TATB, Micro-nanostructures, Oil in oil emulsion method, Composite microspheres