Biochemical and Immune Response Analysis in Nasal Polyps Treated with Local Glucocorticoids Through Ftir Microspectroscopy

Abstract

Introduction Rhinosinusitis is a significant health problem that mirrors the increasing frequency of allergic rhinitis. We aimed to investigate the biochemical and immunological components involved in the topical glucocorticoid’s (GC) response as a treatment of the chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) employing Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIRM). Methods We analyzed nasal mucosa (NM) of healthy people (n=10) and patients with CRSwNP (n=20) employing FTIRM. For which purpose, cryosections of the NM biopsies were obtained and the epithelium and connective tissues were analyzed separately, noticing the main biomolecules, as well as the components linked to the inflammatory and immune responses. Results Clinically, the main signs and symptoms observed were nasal obstruction, rhinorrhoea, and frontal headache, and the main comorbidity was allergic rhinitis. About the FTIRM spectra, no statistical significance was found in the structural and biochemical composition between the CRSwNP and the healthy groups in both analyzed microscopically sections. However, a higher absorbance of the bands related to phosphodiester bonds, and phosphorylated molecules was evidenced. In the same way, the bands related to IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ showed a higher absorbance in the CRSwNP group in the epithelium region. Contrary, in the connective tissue region, except for IL-6, and IFN-γ most of the components evidenced a lower absorbance in the CRSwNP group. Conclusion the use of GC regulates the inflammatory and immune activity in the CRSwNP although not significantly. However, it is essential to continue with this research, looking for the biochemical changes on CRSwNP without previous treatment with GC.

Note:
Funding declaration: The work did not receive funding, but was carried out in the research laboratories of the Military School of Medicine, SEDENA.

Conflict of Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical Approval: The Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital Central Militar of the Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional approved the protocol and informed consent (C.INV.-09/2022).

Keywords: Rhinosinusitis, Nasal polyps, Nasal mucosa, FTIR, Microspectroscopy