Governing Borderlands: Policy, Identity, and Integration along Mizoram -Myanmar Frontier

Abstract

The 510-kilometre Mizoram-Myanmar border is a vital yet understudied frontier shaped by challenging geography, ethnic linkages, informal trade, and shifting security dynamics. This paper examines the border through an interdisciplinary lens, drawing on border studies, conflict resolution, and regional integration frameworks. It analyses four key themes: infrastructural and terrain-related constraints; cross-border ethnic solidarities among Kuki-Chin-Mizo peoples; evolving formal and informal trade networks; and the humanitarian and security crisis following Myanmar's 2021 military coup. Using qualitative policy analysis of government reports, academic research, and secondary field observations, the paper critically assesses India's suspension of the Free Movement Regime. It argues that while security concerns are significant, policy approaches must also consider the region's unique cultural and social fabric. The paper calls for a balanced framework integrating national security with cultural diplomacy and local resilience, and concludes by outlining directions for future fieldbased research.

Keywords: Mizoram -Myanmar border, Kaladan Project, Free Movement Regime, cultural diplomacy, regional integration, border security, refugee governance, informal trade networks