Evaluating tools and methods for agroecosystem sustainability and performance

Abstract

The sustainability and performance of agroecosystems are vital for addressing global challenges such as food security, climate change, and biodiversity loss. This comprehensive review systematically evaluates diverse tools and methodologies for assessing agroecosystem sustainability, encompassing quantitative, indicator-based, and participatory approaches. We examine key assessment frameworks, including Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), RISE, MESMIS, and TAPE, highlighting their respective strengths, limitations, and contextual applicability. The review emphasizes the transformative potential of emerging technologies as remote sensing, artificial intelligence, and big data analytics, for enhancing precision and scalability in sustainability assessments. Furthermore, we underscore the importance of incorporating socioeconomic factors, traditional knowledge systems, and participatory methods to ensure inclusivity and cultural relevance. The analysis calls for coherent frameworks that harmonize global standards with local adaptability. Future directions include developing simplified, cost-effective assessment tools for smallholder farmers, leveraging technological innovation, and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. This critical analysis offers practical recommendations to inform policy development and advance sustainable agricultural practices worldwide.

Keywords: Agroecosystem sustainability, Sustainability assessment tools, Life Cycle Assessment, Indigenous knowledge systems, Participatory methodologies, Climate change adaptation