Analysis of Land Characteristics and Erosion Impact on Gayo Arabica Coffee Production

Abstract

Land characteristics and erosion significantly affect Arabica coffee production. Soil properties - both physical and chemical - determine land suitability, while erosion accelerates degradation and reduces yields. This study analyzed their influence on Arabica coffee in the Gayo highlands using quantitative descriptive methods, including field surveys, soil analysis, and erosion estimation through USLE across 15 land unit types. Multiple regression assessed environmental and edaphic influences on yield. Land was categorized as S2 (moderately suitable) and S3 (marginally suitable), with limiting factors such as phosphorus deficiency, soil depth, steep slopes and poor drainage. Land characteristics and erosion were significant yield determinants.

Keywords: Land characteristics, erosion, Gayo Arabica coffee, land suitability, production.