Characterization and Comparison of Lipids in Bovine Colostrum and Mature Milk Exosomes as Carriers Based on Lipidomics

Abstract

Exosomes derived from bovine milk have aroused extensive attention as vehicles of substance delivery. However, scientific studies on their lipid composition are still lacking. A quantitative lipidomics technology was used to describe the comprehensive alterations of lipids in bovine colostrum milk exosomes (BC) and bovine mature milk exosomes (BM). we identified 1010 lipids classified 23 lipid subclasses, screened 45 significantly different lipids (SDLs) (Variable Importance for the Projection > 1, Fold Change > 2 or FC< 0.8, P value< 0.05), and labeled four potential lipid biomarkers (PE (P-16:0/20:4), PE (O-16:0/20:5), TG (56:6)-FA22:4, and Hex2Cer (d18:0/24:0)). Moreover, these SDLs have participated in nine pathways for lipid metabolism, of which Sphingolipid metabolism and Glycerophospholipid metabolism were the most dominant. The results of this study provided crucial information for understanding the exosomal lipid composition in bovine milk during different lactations.

Keywords: Bovine milk exosome, Colostrum, Mature milk, lipidomics