Why are Fertility and Women's Employment Rates so Low in Italy? Lessons from France and the U.K.

Del Boca, Daniela; Pasqua, Silvia; Pronzato, Chiara

Why are Fertility and Women's Employment Rates so Low in Italy? Lessons from France and the U.K.

41 Pages Posted: 31 Aug 2004

Daniela Del Boca

University of Turin - Department of Economics; IZA Institute of Labor Economics; Centre for Household, Income, Labour and Demographic Economics (CHILD)

Silvia Pasqua

University of Turin - Department of Economics

Chiara Pronzato

University of Essex - Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER)

Date Written: August 2004

Abstract

According to the agenda for employment set by the EU in 2000 for the following ten years, the target for female employment was set at 60 per cent for the year 2010. While Northern and most Continental countries have achieved this quantitative target, the Mediterranean countries are lagging behind. Labor market policies should be aimed to encourage women's participation and reduce the cost of working. However the persistence of a negative relationship between participation and fertility in these countries implies that it is important to take fertility into account. We analyze a model of labor supply and fertility, using data from the ECHP (European Community Household Panel) for the period 1994-2000, merged with regional data describing the available labor market opportunities in the households' environment.

Keywords: labor market decisions, fertility, childcare

JEL Classification: J2, C3, D1

Suggested Citation: Suggested Citation

Del Boca, Daniela and Pasqua, Silvia and Pronzato, Chiara, Why are Fertility and Women's Employment Rates so Low in Italy? Lessons from France and the U.K. (August 2004). IZA Discussion Paper No. 1274. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=585307