Regional and Sub-Global Climate Blocs. A Game-Theoretic Perspective on Bottom-Up Climate Regimes

36 Pages Posted: 10 Feb 2005

See all articles by Carlo Carraro

Carlo Carraro

Ca' Foscari University of Venice; CMCC - Euro Mediterranean Centre for Climate Change (Climate Policy Division); IPCC; Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR); CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute); Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels; Green Growth Knowledge Platform

Barbara K. Buchner

Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (FEEM); International Energy Agency

Multiple version iconThere are 2 versions of this paper

Date Written: February 2005

Abstract

No international regime on climate change is going to be fully effective in controlling GHG emissions without the involvement of countries such as China, India, the United States, Australia, and possibly other developing countries. This highlights an unambiguous weakness of the Kyoto Protocol, where the aforementioned countries either have no binding emission targets or have decided not to comply with their targets. Therefore, when discussing possible post-Kyoto scenarios, it is crucial to prioritise participation incentives for all countries, especially those without explicit or with insufficient abatement targets. This paper offers a bottom-up game-theoretic perspective on participation incentives. Rather than focusing on issue linkage, transfers or burden sharing as tools to enhance the incentives to participate in a climate agreement, this paper aims at exploring whether a different policy approach could lead more countries to adopt effective climate control policies. This policy approach is explicitly bottom-up, namely it gives each country the freedom to sign agreements and deals, bilaterally or multilaterally, with other countries, without being constrained by any global protocol or convention. This study provides a game-theoretic assessment of this policy approach and then evaluates empirically the possible endogenous emergence of single or multiple climate coalitions. Welfare and technological consequences of different multiple bloc climate regimes will be assessed and their overall environmental effectiveness will be discussed.

Keywords: Agreements, Climate, Incentives, Negotiations, Policy

JEL Classification: C72, H23, Q25, Q28

Suggested Citation

Carraro, Carlo and Buchner, Barbara K. and Buchner, Barbara K., Regional and Sub-Global Climate Blocs. A Game-Theoretic Perspective on Bottom-Up Climate Regimes (February 2005). FEEM Working Paper No. 21.05, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Dept. of Economics Research Paper Series No. 10/06, Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=665101 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.665101

Carlo Carraro (Contact Author)

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