Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust - Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust - Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust - Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, NHS Foundation Trust - Great North Children’s Hospital, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, University of Leicester - Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Evelina Children's Hospital - Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), University of Southampton - University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine - Department of Public Health and Policy, Kilifi County Hospital, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre and Independent

University of Western Brittany (UBO) - Département d’Anesthésie Réanimation, University of Western Brittany (UBO) - Centre Hospitalo Universitaire de Brest, Kilifi County Hospital, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, University of Western Brittany (UBO) - Centre Hospitalo Universitaire de Brest, University of Cambridge - Division of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre

Makerere University, Busitema University - Mbale Clinical Research Institute, University of Oxford - KEMRI-Coast Centre for Geographical Medicine and Research, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Soroti Regional Referral Hospital, Mulago Regional Referral Hospital, Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, Masaka Regional Referral Hospital, Makerere University, Mulago Regional Referral Hospital, Busitema University - Mbale Clinical Research Institute, Soroti Regional Referral Hospital, Soroti Regional Referral Hospital, Busitema University - Mbale Clinical Research Institute, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)– Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) - Kemri-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre, Kilifi County Hospital, Tampere University, Imperial College London - Department of Paediatrics and Independent