University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh, University of Edinburgh - BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Government of the United Kingdom - Barts Health NHS Trust, Government of the United Kingdom - Barts Health NHS Trust, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust - PIONEER Health Data Research Hub in Acute Care, Imperial College London - Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London - Department of Surgery & Cancer, University of Sheffield, University of Sheffield - School of Health and Related Research, University of Southampton - University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, University of Southampton - University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Imperial College London - Department of Surgery & Cancer, University of Birmingham - PIONEER Health Data Research Hub for Acute Care, University of Sheffield - School of Health and Related Research, NHS Foundation Trust - Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Edinburgh - BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science and Independent

Queen Elizabeth Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust - PIONEER Health Data Research Hub in Acute Care, University of Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, University of Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham - PIONEER Health Data Research Hub for Acute Care, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham - Institute of Applied Health Research, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham - PIONEER Health Data Research Hub for Acute Care