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Gustavo de Souza

Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

230 South LaSalle Street

Chicago, IL 60604

United States

  • Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago

SCHOLARLY PAPERS

13

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6

Scholarly Papers (13)

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1.

The Employment Consequences of Anti-Dumping Tariffs: Lessons from Brazil

Downloads 725 (89,011)
Citation 5

The Employment Consequences of Anti-Dumping Tariffs: Lessons from Brazil

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 46, 2022, HKU Jockey Club Enterprise Sustainability Global Research Institute - Archive
Number of pages: 52 Posted: 13 Oct 2022 Last Revised: 17 Apr 2026
Gustavo de Souza and Haishi Li
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and The University of Hong Kong
Downloads 365 (205,516)
Citation 4

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employment, tariffs, anti-dumping, international trade JEL Codes: F13

The Employment Consequences of Anti-Dumping Tariffs: Lessons from Brazil

Number of pages: 120 Posted: 06 May 2022 Last Revised: 14 Jan 2026
Gustavo de Souza and Haishi Li
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and The University of Hong Kong
Downloads 193 (393,794)
Citation 1

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employment, tariffs, anti-dumping, international trade

The Employment Consequences of Anti-Dumping Tariffs: Lessons from Brazil

CESifo Working Paper No. 11654
Number of pages: 122 Posted: 10 Feb 2025
Gustavo de Souza and Haishi Li
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and The University of Hong Kong
Downloads 167 (453,548)

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employment, tariffs, anti-dumping, international trade

2.

Trade Policy Uncertainty and Supply Chain Disruptions: Firm-Level Evidence from "Liberation Day"

Downloads 509 (159,517)

Trade Policy Uncertainty and Supply Chain Disruptions: Firm-Level Evidence from "Liberation Day"

HKU Jockey Club Enterprise Sustainability Global Research Institute Paper No. 2025/192
Number of pages: 55 Posted: 25 Nov 2025 Last Revised: 08 Jan 2026
Gustavo de Souza, Haishi Li, Ziho Park and Yulin Wang
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, The University of Hong Kong, University of Sussex Business School and The University of Hong Kong - University of Hong Kong
Downloads 361 (240,221)

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Global Supply Chains, Trade War, Trade Adjustment

Trade Policy Uncertainty and Supply Chain Disruptions: Firm-Level Evidence from "Liberation Day"

CESifo Working Paper No. 12285
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 25 Nov 2025
Gustavo de Souza, Haishi Li, Ziho Park and Yulin Wang
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, The University of Hong Kong, University of Sussex Business School and The University of Hong Kong - University of Hong Kong
Downloads 148 (528,219)

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global supply chains, trade war, trade adjustment

3.

AI in the Office and the Factory: Evidence from Administrative Software Registry Data

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 2025-11
Number of pages: 104 Posted: 01 Aug 2025 Last Revised: 13 Jul 2026
Gustavo de Souza
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Downloads 455 (183,054)

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Artificial Intelligence, Automation, Deskilling, Software, Inequality

4.

(Trade) War and Peace: How to Impose International Trade Sanctions

Downloads 451 (161,218)

(Trade) War and Peace: How to Impose International Trade Sanctions

Number of pages: 82 Posted: 24 Jul 2022 Last Revised: 12 May 2023
Gustavo de Souza, Naiyuan Hu, Haishi Li and Yuan Mei
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Singapore Management University, The University of Hong Kong and Singapore Management University - School of Economics
Downloads 362 (205,516)

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trade sanctions, tariff, tariff competition

(Trade) War and Peace: How to Impose International Trade Sanctions

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 49, 2022
Number of pages: 74 Posted: 24 Oct 2022
Gustavo de Souza, Naiyuan Hu, Haishi Li and Yuan Mei
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Singapore Management University, The University of Hong Kong and Singapore Management University - School of Economics
Downloads 89 (761,092)

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trade sanctions, tariff, tariff competition

5.

Robots, Tools, and Jobs: Evidence from Brazilian Labor Markets

Downloads 312 (244,299)

Robots, Tools, and Jobs: Evidence from Brazilian Labor Markets

CESifo Working Paper No. 10813
Number of pages: 75 Posted: 11 Dec 2023
Gustavo de Souza and Haishi Li
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and The University of Hong Kong
Downloads 179 (423,194)

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robots, automation, tools, labor-saving, labor-augmenting

Robots, Tools, and Jobs: Evidence from Brazilian Labor Markets

HKU Jockey Club Enterprise Sustainability Global Research Institute Paper No. 2025/088
Number of pages: 79 Posted: 20 Jun 2025 Last Revised: 08 Jul 2025
Gustavo de Souza and Haishi Li
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and The University of Hong Kong
Downloads 73 (879,563)

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Robots, Automation, Tools, Labor-Saving, Labor-Augmenting

Robots, Tools, and Jobs: Evidence from Brazilian Labor Markets

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 2023-42
Number of pages: 74 Posted: 01 Dec 2023 Last Revised: 28 May 2025
Gustavo de Souza and Haishi Li
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and The University of Hong Kong
Downloads 60 (976,517)

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robots, automation, tools, labor-saving, labor-augmenting

6.

R&D Subsidy and Import Substitution: Growing in the Shadow of Protection

Number of pages: 109 Posted: 29 Sep 2023 Last Revised: 05 Sep 2025
Gustavo de Souza and Gabriel Garber
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and Government of the Federative Republic of Brazil - Central Bank of Brazil
Downloads 168 (464,454)

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industrial policy, industrial development, R&D subsidy

7.

On the Political and Economic Determinants of Redistribution: Economic Gains, Ideological Gains, or Institutions?

Downloads 162 (467,092)

On the Political and Economic Determinants of Redistribution: Economic Gains, Ideological Gains, or Institutions?

Number of pages: 47 Posted: 17 Jun 2022
Gustavo de Souza
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Downloads 93 (737,592)

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redistribution, preferences for redistribution, dynamic models of political-economy

On the Political and Economic Determinants of Redistribution: Economic Gains, Ideological Gains, or Institutions?

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 47, 2022
Number of pages: 48 Posted: 13 Oct 2022
Gustavo de Souza
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Downloads 69 (903,821)

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redistribution, preferences for redistribution, dynamic macro models of political-economy

8.

Optimal Unemployment Insurance Requirements

Downloads 148 (505,974)

Optimal Unemployment Insurance Requirements

FRB of Cleveland Working Paper No. 22-10R
Number of pages: 55 Posted: 20 Apr 2022 Last Revised: 06 Mar 2023
Gustavo de Souza and André Victor Doherty Luduvice
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
Downloads 90 (755,041)

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Unemployment Insurance, UI Eligibility, Optimal UI

Optimal Unemployment Insurance Requirements

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 45, 2022
Number of pages: 55 Posted: 13 Oct 2022 Last Revised: 15 Mar 2023
Gustavo de Souza and André Victor Doherty Luduvice
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland
Downloads 58 (1,006,630)

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Unemployment Insurance, UI Eligibility, Optimal UI

9.

The Labor Market Consequences of Appropriate Technology

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 2022-53
Number of pages: 152 Posted: 07 Nov 2022
Gustavo de Souza
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Downloads 138 (530,816)
Citation 1

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technology transfers, appropriate technology, macroeconomic development, innovation JEL Codes: O11, O33, O38, O11

10.

Employment and Welfare Effects of the Quota for Disabled Workers in Brazil

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 11, 2023
Number of pages: 98 Posted: 28 Mar 2023 Last Revised: 02 Apr 2025
Gustavo de Souza
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Downloads 125 (576,708)

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quota for disabled workers, disability insurance, fiscal policy

11.

More Trade, Less Diffusion: Technology Transfers and the Dynamic Effects of Import Liberalization

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 2024-20
Number of pages: 77 Posted: 01 Oct 2024 Last Revised: 02 Apr 2025
Gustavo de Souza, Ruben Gaetani and Marti Mestieri
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, University of Toronto - Rotman School of Management and Northwestern University
Downloads 98 (709,832)

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growth, technology transfers, international trade, technology diffusion

12.

It's Good Weather for More Government: The Effect of Weather on Fiscal Policy

Downloads 70 (891,180)

It's Good Weather for More Government: The Effect of Weather on Fiscal Policy

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 2022-48
Number of pages: 29 Posted: 19 Oct 2022
Gustavo de Souza
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Downloads 43 (1,183,247)

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public goods, government size, fiscal policy, weather

It's Good Weather for More Government: The Effect of Weather on Fiscal Policy

Number of pages: 28 Posted: 07 Mar 2024
Gustavo de Souza
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Downloads 27 (1,415,710)

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public goods, government size, fiscal policy, weather

13.

How Demand for New Skills Affects Wage Inequality: The Case of Software Programmers

FRB of Chicago Working Paper No. 2024-19
Number of pages: 43 Posted: 01 Oct 2024
Gustavo de Souza, Jack Mannion and Jacob Herbstman
Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago and University of Chicago
Downloads 68 (891,180)

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technological progress, new work, AI, software