ECB Occasional Paper No. 2025/377
Number of pages: 142
Posted: 07 Nov 2025
Alina Bobasu,
Matteo Ciccarelli,
Tim Oliver Berg,
František Brázdik,
Ginters Buss,
Antonio Maria Conti,
Matias Covarrubias,
Panagiotis Delis,
Alessandro Giammaria,
Nuno Vilarinho Gonçalves,
Alex Grimaud,
Antoine Kornprobst,
Mika Kortelainen,
Matija Lozej,
Martin Mandler,
Georg Müller,
Rachatar Nilavongse,
Alessandro Notarpietro,
Florens Odendahl,
Romanos Priftis,
Ansgar Rannenberg,
Anastasia Theofilakou,
David Vestin,
Igor Vetlov,
Johannes Wacks,
Anastasia Zhutova,
Srecko Zimic,
Andrejs Zlobins,
Gene Ambrocio,
Simone Auer,
Dilan Aydın Yakut,
Diana Bonfim,
Margherita Bottero,
David Byrne,
Paola Di Casola,
Michael Dobrew,
Stéphane Dupraz,
Sandra Gomes,
Robert Goodhead,
Markus Haavio,
Björn Imbierowicz,
Pascal Jacquinot,
Yannick Kalantzis, Claire Le Gall,
Catalina Martínez Hernández,
Nigel McClung,
Matteo Mogliani,
Tomas Reichenbachas,
Amalia Repele and
María T. Valderrama
European Central Bank (ECB), European Central Bank (ECB), Deutsche Bundesbank, Czech National Bank, Bank of Latvia, Banca d'Italia, Banco de España, Bank of Greece, European Central Bank (ECB), Bank of Portugal, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB), European Central Bank (ECB), Suomen Pankki – Finlands Bank, Central Bank of Ireland, Deutsche Bundesbank - Economics Department, European Central Bank (ECB), Sveriges Riksbank, Bank of Italy, Banco de España, European Central Bank (ECB), National Bank of Belgium, Bank of Greece, Sveriges Riksbank, Deutsche Bundesbank - Economics Department, Deutsche Bundesbank, Banque de France, European Central Bank (ECB) - Directorate General Research, University of Latvia, Suomen Pankki – Finlands Bank, Bank of Italy, Central Bank of Ireland, European Central Bank (ECB), Bank of Italy, Central Bank of Ireland, European Central Bank (ECB), European Central Bank (ECB), Banque de France, Bank of Portugal, Central Bank of Ireland, Suomen Pankki – Finlands Bank, Deutsche Bundesbank, European Central Bank (ECB), Banque de France, Banque de France, European Central Bank (ECB), Bank of Finland, Banque de France, Bank of Lithuania, Bocconi University and Oesterreichische Nationalbank (OeNB)