Access to Home Equity and Consumption: Evidence from a Policy Experiment

Abstract

Using unique consumer financial transactions of more than 56,000 consumers, we study the consumption response to a housing policy experiment in Singapore that resulted in a decrease in access to home equity. Using difference-in-differences analysis, we find a significant negative consumption response to the policy shock. Moreover, the consumption response is concentrated in credit card spending, and is stronger among individuals with limited access to credit market or with high precautionary saving motive. These results suggest that a decrease in access to home equity reduces the role of housing as a self-insurance mechanism for consumption smoothing.

Keywords: Consumption, Spending, Debt, Credit Cards, Home Equity, Household Finance, Banks, Loans, Durable Goods, Discretionary Spending, Precautionary Savings, Credit Constraints

JEL Classification: D12, D14, D91, E21, E51, E62, G21, H31