Activities of Indigenous Proteases in Cow, Buffalo and Goat Milk of Indian Subcontinent and Their Correlation with Somatic Cell Count

Abstract

Activities of indigenous proteases such as plasmin, plasminogen derived and cathepsin D in milk from different milch species (Murrah buffalo, Sahiwal and Gir cow and Alpine x Beetal and Sanen x Beetal goat) varied significantly (p<0.05) with the stage of lactation. Plasmin and plasminogen derived activity were highest in goat and cow milk, respectively. Cathepsin D activity was found to be highest in goat milk and lowest in buffalo milk. The plasminogen derived activity was 5-6 times higher in buffalo and cow milk vis-à-vis plasmin activity while goat milk exhibited a higher plasmin activity than plasminogen derived activity. Somatic cell count showed a direct influence on the protease activity with the highest being in goat milk. The correlation coefficients of the protease(s) activity with stage of lactation and somatic cell counts were positive indicating a direct impact of somatic cells and lactation on it.

Keywords: Buffalo milk, Cathepsin D, Enzymatic activity, Plasmin, Plasminogen, Somatic cell count