monolithic, complex oxides, BEOL, single crystals, tunable functionalities
functionally graded material, Directed Energy Deposition, strain-induced transformation, Residual stress, martensite
laser texturing, metal alloy, surface modification, vascular cells, ex vivo angiogenesis assays
additive manufacturing, Ti-6Al-4V, bond strength, functionally graded interlayer, σ-phases