affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Birmingham, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Government of the Republic of Finland - Finnish Meteorological Institute, Joint Research Center of the European Commission, National Observatory of Athens, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, CNRS-IRD-Collège de France UMR 34 CEREGE - Aix-Marseille Université, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Helsinki, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science and Technology, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), affiliation not provided to SSRN, Imperial College London, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Imperial College London - School of Public Health, University of Helsinki, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Czech Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, AGH University of Krakow, University of Galway, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), The Cyprus Institute, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Czech Academy of Sciences, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, IMT Nord Europe - Douai, affiliation not provided to SSRN, The Cyprus Institute, affiliation not provided to SSRN, National Observatory of Athens, Government of the Republic of Finland - Finnish Meteorological Institute, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Nova Gorica, Czech Academy of Sciences, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), affiliation not provided to SSRN, Imperial College London, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), affiliation not provided to SSRN and Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI)

affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), University of Birmingham, Eötvös Lóránd University - Institute of Chemistry, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Granada, University of Granada, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology (EMPA), affiliation not provided to SSRN, CNRS-IRD-Collège de France UMR 34 CEREGE - Aix-Marseille Université, Agence régionale de surveillance de la qualité de l’air, National Observatory of Athens, National Observatory of Athens, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic - Laboratory of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority, Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority, Imperial College London - School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Environment and Health Administration, SLB-analys, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science and Technology, CIEMAT - Department of Environment, CIEMAT - Department of Environment, German Environment Agency (UBA), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), University of Lille, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Joint Research Center of the European Commission, Joint Research Center of the European Commission, Government of the Republic of Finland - Finnish Meteorological Institute, University of Helsinki - Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, University of Rochester - School of Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), University of Birmingham, University of Rochester, University of Helsinki - Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) and Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)

affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Basel - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) - Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, University of Huelva, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Scientific Institute of Public Service (ISSeP), University of Aveiro, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology (EMPA), affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), University of Huelva, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University Grenoble Alpes, Eötvös Lóránd University - Institute of Chemistry, University Grenoble Alpes, University of Huelva, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science and Technology, IMT Nord Europe - Douai, University of Malta, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Florence, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University Grenoble Alpes, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Basel - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, University of Basel - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, TNO Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Basel - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and affiliation not provided to SSRN

affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Imperial College London, IMT Nord Europe - Douai, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS) and IMT Nord Europe - Douai

affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), University Grenoble Alpes, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), University Grenoble Alpes, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University Grenoble Alpes, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University of Birmingham, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), affiliation not provided to SSRN, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) and Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)

Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), University Grenoble Alpes, University Grenoble Alpes, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University Grenoble Alpes, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), University Grenoble Alpes and Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO)

Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), University of Birmingham, Eötvös Lóránd University - Institute of Chemistry, affiliation not provided to SSRN, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Science and Technology (EMPA), National Observatory of Athens, National Observatory of Athens - Institute for Environmental Research and Sustainable Development, National Observatory of Athens, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic - Laboratory of Aerosols Chemistry and Physics, Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority, Helsinki Region Environmental Services Authority, Imperial College London - School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Environment and Health Administration, SLB-analys, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science and Technology, Institute of Nuclear and Radiological Science and Technology, CIEMAT - Department of Environment, CIEMAT - Department of Environment, Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS), Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology (LfULG), Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Joint Research Center of the European Commission, Joint Research Center of the European Commission, ISAC-CNR - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of National Research Council, ISAC-CNR - Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate of National Research Council, Government of the Republic of Finland - Finnish Meteorological Institute, University of Helsinki - Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki - Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), University of Rochester, University of Birmingham, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) and Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)

affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), CNRS-IRD-Collège de France UMR 34 CEREGE - Aix-Marseille Université, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Airparif, Airparif, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, IMT Nord Europe - Douai, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Agence régionale de surveillance de la qualité de l’air, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, IMT Nord Europe - Douai and Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS)