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Heiko Karle

Frankfurt School of Finance & Management

Associate Professor

Adickesallee 32-34

Frankfurt am Main, 60322

Germany

CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute)

Poschinger Str. 5

Munich, DE-81679

Germany

Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)

London

United Kingdom

  • Frankfurt School of Finance & Management

  • CESifo (Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute)

  • Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR)

SCHOLARLY PAPERS

15

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1,951

TOTAL CITATIONS
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Top 12,601

in Total Papers Citations

100

Scholarly Papers (15)

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1.

Ownership and Control in a Competitive Industry

Downloads 426 (170,764)
Citation 8

Ownership and Control in a Competitive Industry

TILEC Discussion Paper No. 2011-013
Number of pages: 40 Posted: 27 Feb 2011
Heiko Karle, Tobias J. Klein and Konrad O. Stahl
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Tilburg University - Department of Econometrics & Operations Research and University of Mannheim - Department of Economics
Downloads 154 (482,631)
Citation 3

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Differentiated products, separation of ownership and control, private benefits

Ownership and Control in a Competitive Industry

ZEW - Centre for European Economic Research Discussion Paper No. 11-071
Number of pages: 43 Posted: 18 Jan 2012
Heiko Karle, Tobias J. Klein and Konrad O. Stahl
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Tilburg University - Department of Econometrics & Operations Research and University of Mannheim - Department of Economics
Downloads 118 (607,238)
Citation 3

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Di fferentiated products, separation of ownership and control, private benefits of control

Ownership and Control in a Competitive Industry

CESifo Working Paper Series No. 3380
Number of pages: 40 Posted: 24 Mar 2011
Heiko Karle, Tobias J. Klein and Konrad O. Stahl
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Tilburg University - Department of Econometrics & Operations Research and University of Mannheim - Department of Economics
Downloads 85 (785,882)

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differentiated products, separation of ownership and control, private benefits of control

Ownership and Control in a Competitive Industry

CentER Discussion Paper No. 2011-026
Number of pages: 40 Posted: 10 Mar 2011 Last Revised: 20 Apr 2011
Heiko Karle, Tobias J. Klein and Konrad O. Stahl
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Tilburg University - Department of Econometrics & Operations Research and University of Mannheim - Department of Economics
Downloads 66 (921,129)
Citation 2

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Differentiated Products, Separation of Ownership and Control, Private Benefits

Ownership and Control in a Competitive Industry

CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP8277
Number of pages: 42 Posted: 14 Mar 2011
Heiko Karle, Tobias J. Klein and Konrad O. Stahl
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Tilburg University - Department of Econometrics & Operations Research and University of Mannheim - Department of Economics
Downloads 3 (1,651,368)
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Differentiated products, private benefits of control, separation of ownership and control

2.

Creating Attachment Through Advertising: Loss Aversion and Pre-Purchase Information

CER-ETH – Center of Economic Research at ETH Zurich Working Paper No. 13/177
Number of pages: 50 Posted: 29 Mar 2013
Heiko Karle
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management
Downloads 285 (266,292)
Citation 10

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Advertising, Loss Aversion, Information Disclosure

3.

Imperfect Targeting and Advertising Strategies

Number of pages: 73 Posted: 29 Nov 2023 Last Revised: 25 Mar 2024
Heiko Karle and Markus Reisinger
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management and Frankfurt School of Finance & Management - Economics Department
Downloads 244 (316,532)

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Targeted advertising, price competition, market segmentation, multiproduct firms.

4.

The Focusing Effect in Negotiations

Downloads 197 (389,821)
Citation 1

The Focusing Effect in Negotiations

Number of pages: 50 Posted: 11 Dec 2014 Last Revised: 27 Dec 2021
Andrea Canidio and Heiko Karle
IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca and Frankfurt School of Finance & Management
Downloads 152 (491,163)

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Incomplete Agreements, Context-dependent Preferences, Salience, Focusing Effect, Bargaining, Negotiations

The Focusing Effect in Negotiations

CESifo Working Paper No. 9297
Number of pages: 47 Posted: 21 Sep 2021
Andrea Canidio and Heiko Karle
IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca and Frankfurt School of Finance & Management
Downloads 42 (1,196,631)
Citation 1

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salience, focusing effect, bargaining, negotiations, incomplete agreements

The Focusing Effect in Negotiations

CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP15698
Number of pages: 47 Posted: 11 Feb 2021
Andrea Canidio and Heiko Karle
IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca and Frankfurt School of Finance & Management
Downloads 3 (1,651,368)
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5.

Search Costs and Diminishing Sensitivity

Downloads 151 (491,334)

Search Costs and Diminishing Sensitivity

CESifo Working Paper No. 9888
Number of pages: 65 Posted: 24 Aug 2022
Heiko Karle, Florian Kerzenmacher, Heiner Schumacher and Frank Verboven
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, University of Innsbruck, KU Leuven and KU Leuven
Downloads 109 (648,902)

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consumer search, diminishing sensitivity, search costs

Search Costs and Diminishing Sensitivity

Number of pages: 56 Posted: 11 May 2022
Heiko Karle, Heiner Schumacher, Florian Kerzenmacher and Frank Verboven
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, KU Leuven, University of Innsbruck and KU Leuven
Downloads 41 (1,196,631)

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Consumer Search, Diminishing Sensitivity, Search Costs

Search Costs and Diminishing Sensitivity

CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP17399
Number of pages: 65 Posted: 23 Jun 2022
Heiko Karle, Florian Kerzenmacher, Heiner Schumacher and Frank Verboven
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, University of Innsbruck, KU Leuven and KU Leuven
Downloads 1 (1,664,434)
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consumer search, diminishing sensitivity, Search costs

6.

Incomplete Contracting, Renegotiation, and Expectation-Based Loss Aversion

Downloads 134 (547,695)
Citation 9

Incomplete Contracting, Renegotiation, and Expectation-Based Loss Aversion

CESifo Working Paper Series No. 4687
Number of pages: 54 Posted: 03 Apr 2014
Fabian Herweg, Heiko Karle and Daniel Müller
University of Bayreuth - Faculty of Law, Business and Economics, Frankfurt School of Finance & Management and University of Bonn
Downloads 69 (903,821)
Citation 6

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behavioral contract theory, expectation-based loss aversion, incomplete contracts, renegotiation

Incomplete Contracting, Renegotiation, and Expectation-Based Loss Aversion

Number of pages: 52 Posted: 20 Apr 2017
Fabian Herweg, Heiko Karle and Daniel Müller
University of Bayreuth - Faculty of Law, Business and Economics, Frankfurt School of Finance & Management and University of Würzburg
Downloads 64 (938,792)
Citation 1

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Behavioral Contract Theory; Expectation-Based Loss Aversion; Incomplete Contracts; Renegotiation

Incomplete Contracting, Renegotiation, and Expectation-Based Loss Aversion

CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP9874
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 02 Jun 2014
Fabian Herweg, Heiko Karle and Daniel Müller
University of Bayreuth - Faculty of Law, Business and Economics, Frankfurt School of Finance & Management and University of Bonn
Downloads 1 (1,664,434)
Citation 2
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Behavioral Contract Theory, Expectation-Based Loss Aversion, Incomplete Contracts, Renegotiation

7.

Persuasion of Loss-Averse Receivers Through Early Offers

Downloads 119 (604,538)
Citation 1

Persuasion of Loss-Averse Receivers Through Early Offers

Number of pages: 44 Posted: 29 Aug 2022
Heiko Karle, Heiner Schumacher, Rune Vølund and Rune Vølund
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, KU Leuven and Aarhus Universityaffiliation not provided to SSRN
Downloads 86 (773,441)
Citation 1

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Reference-Dependent Preferences, Signaling, Loss Aversion, Early Offers

Persuasion of Loss-Averse Receivers Through Early Offers

Number of pages: 47 Posted: 19 Jun 2023 Last Revised: 27 Sep 2025
Heiko Karle, Heiner Schumacher, Rune Vølund and Rune Vølund
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, University of Innsbruck and Aarhus Universityaffiliation not provided to SSRN
Downloads 33 (1,326,242)

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Reference-Dependent Preferences, Signaling, Loss Aversion, Early Offers

8.

Selling in Advance to Loss Averse Consumers

Number of pages: 41 Posted: 28 Feb 2018
Heiko Karle and Marc Möller
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management and Department of Economics, University of Berne
Downloads 109 (645,052)
Citation 5

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Individual demand uncertainty; advance purchase discounts; expectationbased loss aversion

9.

Consumer Loss Aversion and Scale-Dependent Psychological Switching Costs

CESifo Working Paper No. 9313
Number of pages: 49 Posted: 04 Oct 2021
Heiko Karle, Heiner Schumacher, Rune Vølund and Rune Vølund
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, KU Leuven and Aarhus Universityaffiliation not provided to SSRN
Downloads 97 (709,832)
Citation 16

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switching costs, competition, loss aversion

10.

Consumer Search and the Uncertainty Effect

Downloads 75 (837,727)
Citation 2

Consumer Search and the Uncertainty Effect

Number of pages: 57 Posted: 10 Oct 2020
Heiko Karle, Heiner Schumacher, Rune Vølund and Rune Vølund
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, KU Leuven and Aarhus Universityaffiliation not provided to SSRN
Downloads 69 (895,539)
Citation 2

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Consumer Search, Competition, Loss Aversion

Consumer Search and the Uncertainty Effect

CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP15967
Number of pages: 60 Posted: 31 Mar 2021
Heiko Karle, Heiner Schumacher, Rune Vølund and Rune Vølund
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, KU Leuven and Aarhus Universityaffiliation not provided to SSRN
Downloads 6 (1,635,165)
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11.

Evaluating Search Cost Models: Estimation and Prediction

CESifo Working Paper No. 12221
Number of pages: 79 Posted: 29 Oct 2025
Adrian Düll, Heiko Karle, Simon Martin and Heiner Schumacher
University of Innsbruck, Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf - Duesseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE) and University of Innsbruck
Downloads 56 (1,020,567)

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online search, search costs, search cost estimation

12.

Segmentation Versus Agglomeration: Competition between Platforms with Competitive Sellers

CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP12435
Number of pages: 72 Posted: 17 Nov 2017
Heiko Karle, Martin Peitz and Markus Reisinger
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, University of Mannheim - Department of Economics and Frankfurt School of Finance & Management - Economics Department
Downloads 24 (1,399,036)
Citation 48
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endogenous segmentation, intermediation, market structure, price competition, Two-sided markets

13.

Selling on Recommender Platforms: Demand Boost versus Customer Migration

Number of pages: 55 Posted: 16 Feb 2026 Last Revised: 30 Apr 2026
Heiko Karle, Marcel Preuss and Markus Reisinger
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Cornell University - Cornell SC Johnson College of Business and Frankfurt School of Finance & Management - Economics Department
Downloads 16 (1,500,778)

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Platform Pricing, Quality Recommendation, Consumer Search, Dual-Channel Competition

14.

Pricing and Information Disclosure in Markets with Loss-Averse Consumers

CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP7785
Number of pages: 54 Posted: 19 May 2010
Heiko Karle and Martin Peitz
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management and University of Mannheim - Department of Economics
Downloads 11 (1,534,404)
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Advertising, Behavioral Industrial Organization, Imperfect Competition, Information Disclosure, Loss Aversion, Price Variation, Product Differentiation, Reference-Dependent Utility

15.

Selling on Recommender Platforms: Demand Boost Versus Customer Migration

CESifo Working Paper No. 12465
Number of pages: 57 Posted: 12 Feb 2026
Heiko Karle, Marcel Preuss and Markus Reisinger
Frankfurt School of Finance & Management, Cornell University - Cornell SC Johnson College of Business and Frankfurt School of Finance & Management - Economics Department
Downloads 7 (1,561,096)

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platform pricing, recommendation quality, consumer search