Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu- Natal, University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Malawi, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Zimbabwe, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Duke University - Department of Surgery, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform - KRISP, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University of KwaZulu-Natal - School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, National Institutes of Health, National Institutes of Health, COVID-19 Prevention Network, University of Zimbabwe - Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership (BHP), Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Columbia University - ICAP, Wits University - Clinical HIV Research Unit, Aurum Institute, Synexus Helderberg, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, University of the Witwatersrand - Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit (RHRU), TASK, FAMCRU Family Clinical Research Unit, University of Cape Town (UCT), Aurum Institute, University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill - UNC-Project Malawi, Center for Family Health Research Zambia (CFHRZ), The Aurum Institute, Aurum Institute, South African Medical Research Council, UNC Global Projects, Soweto Clinical Trials Centre, Blantyre District Council, Center for Family Health Research Zambia (CFHRZ), Wits Health Consortium - Perinatal HIV Research Unit (PHRU), Synergy Biomed Research Institute, MERC Middelburg, Kisumu Clinical Research Site, TASK, TASK, Aurum Institute, Nelson Mandela Academic Clinical Research Unit Clinical Research Site, University of the Witwatersrand - Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Joint Clinical Research Centre, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South African Medical Research Council, Soweto Clinical Trials Centre, UVRI-IAVI HIV Vaccine Program, MeCRU Clinical Research Site, Maseno University, Synexus Stanza Clinical Research Centre Clinical Research Site, University of KwaZulu-Natal, PHOENIX Pharma (Pty) Ltd, Moi University, University of Cape Town (UCT), MERC Kempton, MERC Welkom, MU-JHU Care Ltd - MUJHU Research Collaboration, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, South African Medical Research Council, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center - Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Qhakaza Mbokodo Research Clinic and Independent

affiliation not provided to SSRN, Enhancing Care Foundation, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Moi University, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Moi University, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Fondazione Penta ETS, affiliation not provided to SSRN, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine - Department of Global Health and Development, Joint Clinical Research Centre, University of York, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit and Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda

affiliation not provided to SSRN, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Moi University, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Enhancing Care Foundation, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Joint Clinical Research Centre, University of Zimbabwe - Clinical Trials Research Centre, Moi University, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Fondazione Penta ETS, affiliation not provided to SSRN, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine - Department of Global Health and Development, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen - Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud University Nijmegen - Radboud University Medical Center, University of York, University College London - Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, affiliation not provided to SSRN, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda and University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit

Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University of Zimbabwe - Clinical Trials Research Centre, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Moi University, University of KwaZulu-Natal, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Fondazione Penta ETS, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, University of Zimbabwe, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Moi University, Enhancing Care Foundation, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine - Department of Global Health and Development, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, University of York, Radboud University Nijmegen - Radboud University Medical Center, University of Padua - Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, University of Zimbabwe, Moi University, Enhancing Care Foundation, Fondazione Penta ETS, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London - Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit and University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit

University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University of the Witwatersrand - Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, University of Zimbabwe, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Mbarara, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Mahasarakam Hospital, Makerere University - Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, University of the Witwatersrand - Department of Internal Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Stellenbosch University, Chulalongkorn University - Center of Excellence in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, University of Zimbabwe, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Goethe University, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS), University College London - Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, Chiang Mai University, Makerere University - Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, Joint Clinical Research Centre, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine - Department of Clinical Research, University of Padua - Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padua, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit and University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit

University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, University of Zimbabwe - Clinical Trials Research Centre, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Makerere University - Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration, University of the Witwatersrand - Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Khon Kaen University - Khon Kaen Hospital, University of KwaZulu-Natal - Department of Paediatrics and Children Health, Chulalongkorn University - Center of Excellence in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, University of Hamburg - University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu - Infectious Diseases Department, Khon Kaen University - Khon Kaen Hospital, Baylor University - Children's Foundation Uganda, Mahasarakam Hospital, NSERM/ANRS SC10-US19, Essais Thérapeutiques et Maladies Infectieuses, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Mbarara, University of Zimbabwe - Clinical Trials Research Centre, University College London - Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Research & Teaching Department, Department of Paediatrics, University of Zimbabwe, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Stellenbosch University - Children’s Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Unit (KID-CRU), London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine - Department of Clinical Research, University of Padua - Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Instituto de Investigación 12 de Octubre (imas12) - Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, University of the Witwatersrand - Perinatal HIV Research Unit, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London - MRC Clinical Trials Unit and Independent

Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) - Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Johns Hopkins University, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University - Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill - UNC-Project Malawi, University of Pennsylvania - Perelman School of Medicine, Les Centres Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Les Centres Haitian Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections (GHESKIO), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey - Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University - Division of Infectious Diseases, Government of the United States of America - Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Moi University, University of North Carolina Project, Kamazu Central Hospital, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Malawi, Asociacion Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion, Asociacion Civil Impacta Salud y Educacion, Wits University - Clinical HIV Research Unit, Morningside Mediclinic, Sandton, University of KwaZulu-Natal - Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)University of the Witwatersrand - South African Medical Research Council, University of the Witwatersrand - School of Clinical Medicine, Joint Clinical Research Centre, Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Johns Hopkins University - Department of Medicine and Independent