Heidelberg University Hospital - Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital - Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Epicentre (Paris), affiliation not provided to SSRN, University College London - Institute for Global Health, University of Nantes - l’institut du thorax, University of Cape Town Lung Institute, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Istituto Superiore di Sanità - Center for Global Health, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), affiliation not provided to SSRN, UNC Global Projects, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Epicentre (Mbarara), Médecins Sans Frontières - Southern Africa Medical Unit, affiliation not provided to SSRN, Stellenbosch University, University of Cape Town (UCT), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, Columbia University, National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) - National Institute for Communicable Diseases, University of New South Wales (UNSW) - Kirby Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) - UCSF Center for Tuberculosis, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Stellenbosch University - DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and Heidelberg University Hospital - Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine and German Centre for Infection Research

University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, South African Medical Research Council - Biostatistics Unit, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University - Department of Intensive Care, University of the Witwatersrand - Department of Internal Medicine, Walter Sisulu University - Department of Medicine, Walter Sisulu University - Head of Pulmonology, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Don Makenzie Hospital, Harry Comay Hospital, Harry Comay Hospital, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town (UCT) - University of Cape Town Lung Institute, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Centre for Lung Infection and Immunity, Brooklyn Chest Hospital, Stellenbosch University - Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, National Department of Health - Drug Resistant TB Directorate, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Stellenbosch University - Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics and University of the Witwatersrand - Perinatal HIV Research Unit

University of Antwerp - Centre for Population, Family, and Health, Stellenbosch University, Aurum Institute, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch University, Aurum Institute, Aurum Institute, Aurum Institute, Aurum Institute, Aurum Institute, Aurum Institute, University of Antwerp, University of Antwerp, University of Antwerp, University of Antwerp, University of Antwerp - Centre for Population, Family, and Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine - Mycobacteriology Unit, University of the Free State, University of the Free State, University of the Free State, University of the Witwatersrand - Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Walter Sisulu University - Department of Medicine, University of the Free State, Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and statistical Bioinformatics (IBioStat) - Data Science Institute, Aurum Institute, Stellenbosch University - Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics and Aurum Institute for Health Research

National Department of Health - Drug Resistant TB Directorate, McGill University - School of Population and Global Health, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Stellenbosch University, University of Cape Town (UCT), affiliation not provided to SSRN, Médecins Sans Frontières - Khayelitsha Project and Cape Town Mission, Northern Cape South Africa Centre for Tuberculosis, National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) - National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Amity Health Consortium, Klerksdorp-Tshepong Hospital Complex, University of the Witwatersrand - Reproductive Health and HIV Research Unit (RHRU), University of KwaZulu-Natal - Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA)University of the Witwatersrand - South African Medical Research Council and McGill University

University of Cape Town (UCT), University of Cape Town (UCT), Heidelberg University - University Hospital Heidelberg, the global alliance for diagnostics - FIND, Stellenbosch University - DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, University of North Carolina Project, Kamazu Central Hospital, University of North Carolina Project, Walter Sisulu University, Heidelberg University Hospital - Division of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, The University of Western Australia - Division of Infection and Immunity, St. George’s University of London, National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) - National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services (NHLS) - National Institute for Communicable Diseases, University of Cape Town, Walter Sisulu University, Hospital de Porto Alegre, Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre, University of Copenhagen - Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Basel - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara Health Institute, University of Basel - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Aarhus University - Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University - Aarhus University Hospital, University of Cape Town (UCT) - Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Stellenbosch University, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), Stellenbosch University - DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, the global alliance for diagnostics - FIND, Queen Mary University of London, University of Cape Town (UCT) and Imperial College London